Sixteen Candles Essays - African-American Culture,

Sixteen Candles The most famous and persuasive type of African-American popular music of the 1980's and 1990's, rap is likewise one of the most dubious styles of the stone time. Also, not simply among the watchmen of social taste and virtue that have consistently been considered as a part of jammin boss foes - Black, White, rock and soul crowds keep on savagely banter the melodic and social benefits of rap, whose most extreme advancements undercut huge numbers of the melodic and social precepts whereupon rock was assembled. The vast majority allude to rap as a clamor that individuals of color make. Well it isn't. Rap is characterized as connoting, affirming, and sparkling of the titanic. Rap began in the south bronx segment of New York.(Davey D. 7) Most of the rap that is heard today draws its decays from the jamacian fine art known as toasting.(Davey D. 4) Another definitoin of rap which is generally known, is stating rhymes to the beat of music. The primary melodic insturnments utilized in a rap tune are, consoles, turntables, drums, and melodic bass.(busboy.com) The first rap began, harking back to the 1940s with Cal Calloway. He is known for his mark Hi-de-hello there de-howdy de-ho which was a serenade from the Minnie Moocher In the 1940's, Calloway utilized a call and reaction group with his crowd, which is one of the establishments of rap. (busboy.com) In the mid 1800s, another type of a music player came out, it was known as the sampler. A sampler is an electronic gadget which can accurately imitate a current sound or track of music. Today, we consider this sort of gadget a drum machiene. Rappers utilize this machine to copy music tracks with the goal that they dont must have somebody doing it for them constantly. This instrument got verry valuable in the music business, today, practically the entirety of the groups that you find in show are utilizing a drum machine, or a sampler.(busboy.com) Film and Television

Pe Paper Free Essays

eMikiki Ellaine M. Bulanan 2011-42642 Reaction Paper: Kinetics Festival 2012 (Thursday) For four evenings (September 25-28), the Department of Human Kinetics held presentation exhibitions from various moving classes of PE2. The whole show was directed to exhibit what the understudies have realized in their individual classes just as for the diversion of the entire understudy body. We will compose a custom article test on Pe Paper or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now During the fourth night, various segments of line move, present day move, hip twirl and road jazz moved their feet off parading their procured information on callisthenic procedures. Also, for an entire hour the whole show was loaded up with giggling, shock, and unadulterated diversion. The exhibitions comprised larger part of road jazz and current moves. Each gathering introduced agreeably. Unavoidably, a few schedules were less synchronized and their moves were not exhibited all around ok. There were additionally minutes when the developments and move steps need force and differentiation. Be that as it may, these setbacks were the wellspring of parody for the crowd energizing them more. Moreover, it tends to be proposed that different gatherings ought to have picked progressively proper melody backup and ensembles to liven up their presentation. There was additionally a lot of entertainers which clearly didn't join progressively unique advances and appeared to have gotten their moves from a current presentation found on the web or a video some place. Regardless, the entire show was a lot of engaging. The little expense of the ticket for that occasion was so much worth the scene. The understudies may have been occupied since they likewise have scholastic attempts to take care of, still, they figured out how to set aside effort to rehearse, arrange and present their individual numbers. Mikki Ellaine M. Bulanan 2011-42642 Response Paper: Kinetics Festival 2012 (Friday) The last night of seven days in length festivity of the Kinetics Festival was involved different numbers from singular classes of Philippine Folk Dance, hip twirl, line move and tap move. Following the earlier evenings, the entire show went on for somewhat more than an hour yet got a high tally of crowd contrasted with the others. The entire Baker Hall arena was loaded up with understudies who were hoping to be engaged just as help their kindred understudies who were entrusted to show the information educated during their PE meetings. For a beginning different exhibitions from line move class livened up the group with their clever demonstrations. A few individuals were extremely remarkable while there were a rare sorts of people who appeared to have overlooked their beats. One gathering of artists picked an exceptionally coordinating arrangement of ensembles which articulate their rancher topic. Tap move may not be the most well known here in the nation yet the bunch which played out this particular routine didn't neglect to engage everybody. Their astounding moves and style were composed well indeed. The main hip twirl number that night was exceptionally brave and intense regarding their developments and postures. The young ladies performing were extremely enchanting particularly in their meager yet exquisite scarves and â€Å"ringing belts. † Lastly, a tally of Philippine society moves wrapped up the night by showing grave yet fascinating moves which excited the nationalistic perspectives on the understudies. Their ensembles were as beautiful as the rich social legacy of the Filipinos. They were amazing that despite the fact that there were minor defects on their in sync, they despite everything pull off the entire number. The most effective method to refer to Pe Paper, Essay models

Crash Movie Review

Confusion The 2004 film Crash, coordinated by Paul Haggis, is a similarity of how our general public is today. It exhibits people’s activities during their day by day lives. There is a disengagement between each individual and that is the thing that makes every person what their identity is. One method of portraying every individual is through their activities, choices, and the manner in which they manage individuals. All through the film detest wrongdoing and loathe discourse was caught in the film Crash through a few characters. The one which I could without much of a stretch recognize was with the Persian family, Farhad the spouse, Shareen the wife, and the little girl Dorri.Several episodes happened that could be depicted as a general rule. The privately-owned company store was robed at firearm point and to keep the occurrence from happening once more, the family chose to buy a weapon for assurance. Insurance of a weapon was the main way that Farhad could have a sense of s ecurity. Regularly individuals imagine that having a weapon is the best way to not be hurt and the film difficulties that discernment. Buying the firearm was troublesome in light of the fact that Farhad was from the Middle East. Dirk, the firearm proprietor, gave the family trouble when he denied them the option to buy the gun.I accept the weapon dealer had the mindset that the Persians were Arabian and that they were arranging a terroristic assault. After the 911 assault in the public arena, most Americans judge anyone with Arabian attributes as the â€Å"evil† individuals. They feel that they are in America for one reason and that is to cause dread. The store was vandalized and spray painting of the nationality Arab was erroneously (the family is Persian) drawn on the mass of Farhad’s store. The family was casualties of abhor wrongdoing and detest discourse with no equity; they were being assaulted as a result of presumptions of being Arabian.The judgment on the fami ly’s ethnicity is something that continually happens around America. By and by, my family is Haitian and they speak Creole, since my family looks African American yet communicate in another dialect, a few people effectively expect that they are African. My family has a complement and there were times when we would go to stores and individuals of different races would affront my family and advise them to return to Africa since they couldn't comprehend what they were stating. My family had a few circumstances where they needed to leave a store an eatery due to being an alternate ethnicity.Throughout the film, one would feel that Farhad would have better treatment toward others due to how others treat him and his family, however he shows a similar treatment given to him, to other people. After the store was vandalized, the businessperson called a locksmith by the name of Daniel to fix the lock. The lock was fixed, however it was the entryway that should have been supplanted and Daniel educated Farhad of this. The cool cruel medicines of others cause Farhad to treat others the equivalent way.He gets hostile and slights the repairman since he feels that the repairman is attempting to scam him. Daniel continually revealed to Farhad that the entryway should have been supplanted and Farhad didn't mull over his words. Farhad offended him and the repairman was furious to the point that he left without getting paid for his work. The entryway not being fixed caused Farhad to have greater hostility to individuals outside his race. Beside indicating the ill will of outsiders, this film likewise shows that Americans are not benevolent individuals and abuse outsiders who come to America for a superior life.The Persian family has their own store and it was their most prized ownership in America. The youngsters detested them so much that they broke into their store and vandalized it. The vandalized store caused Farhad to accuse the repairman. At whatever point there is i ssue, individuals appear to never take responsibility for their activities and accuse others before accusing themselves. Farhad charged the repairman for being to blame for the devastations of his store and attempted to get his protection to cover the damages.The protection couldn't repay Farhad for the harms of his store on the grounds that the repairman disclosed to Farhad that the entryway should have been supplanted. In this manner, Farahad chose to get equity all alone. He needed to fight back and he distinguished the street number of the locksmith and looked out for him to return home from work. Farhad saw the locksmith approach his home so Farhad strolled toward him and pointed a weapon at him. The Daniel’s little girl, Laura, saw the fight, ran and bounced up on her dad to give him an embrace and shield him from getting shot.Farhad pulls the trigger and nothing happens to the young lady. Farhad’s choice was narrow minded; he was too worried about his shop and d idn't understand that executing a person was not the correct choice. Being that the retailer, Farhad, is a worker, he was despised by Americans and it made him loathe different nationalities also. He needed equity and he felt that the main way he can get it was by coordinating the contempt of his, with the disdain of his ethnicity, from others. The individuals who vandalized Farhad’s store were careless and didn't acknowledge diversity.Farhad’s was sick of being abhorred in light of his ethnicity, so he chose to make a move. He was abused and he needed the abuse to stop, he needed to fight back and make Daniel pay for the vandalism of his store. Individuals in our general public frequently feel that the main way that they can rest easy thinking about an individual or circumstance is in the event that they settle it through battling or murdering. These contentions are settled by negative choices of violations and frightful words as a result of being distinctive in a gen eral public. There should be more harmony and less brutality on the planet and the film Crash epitomizes why.

The History Of Bristol s Economy - 998 Words

The history of Bristol’s economy has undertaken a change in similar fashion to economic capitals across world, namely London, yet to a smaller extent (Bassett et al 2002). The transformation of the dockland region and subsequent development from the post war period has led this paper to focus upon the financial sector. Bristol’s past follows a parallel trend of dockland manufacturing centres post World War 2 that became involved into finance because of temporal changes. Degeneration was led through the absence of new port proposals that fell through from the Labour government, leading to the rise of other economic sector to facilitate growth (Hoare 1986).The research undertaken in this paper is specified to the numerous accountancy firms scattered across the city centre (Figure 1) and narrowed to the largest four firms: PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC – Figure 2), Ernst and Young (EY – Figure 3), KPMG (Figure 4) and Deloitte (Figure 5). The change in economic geography of Bristol can be exemplified from the expansion of these financial services to promote new functions within the economy. Historically, the financial sector of Bristol was a result of the redundant industries of the manufacturing sector of the ports in the 1960s. During the 1970s change was beginning to occur with 57% of Bristol’s 0.5 million population employed in the financial district of some form. The development of the office work environment was a consequence of the movement of the finance insuranceShow MoreRelatedInternational Monetary System And Its Effects On The Economy1147 Words   |  5 Pages Worldwide Alternative Currencies Throughout history, economic crises have emerged continuously. According to the International Monetary Fund, in the four decades between 1970 and 2010, there were no fewer than 145 banking crises, 208 monetary crashes, and 72 sovereign debt crises. This adds up to a total of 425 systemic crises across the world (Lietaer 3). These crises are caused because of the way the world monetary system has been set up. With debt being the basics of the current monetary systemRead MoreSlavery Was Considered Acceptable And Licit984 Words   |  4 Pagesis essentially deemed unethical and criminal in many countries, including the United States. However, at one point in American history, the exploitation of slavery was considered acceptable and licit. The existence of slavery was justified by the massive positive benefits reaped by the American economy, particularly in the South from 1619 to 1851 (Horton 7). In an economy so excessively dependent on the use of slaves, the abolition of slavery cre ated fear of severe turmoil in the South, but did notRead MoreStructure of Travel and Tourism Industry in City of Bath5367 Words   |  22 PagesHistory and structure of travel and tourism industry Case study of Georgian Spa City of Bath Abstract This study is focused on the history and structure of travel travel and tourism industry in the City of Bath. 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However there was problem with the manual work, all the raw materials and money are in place, but the factories demand man power. As a result slaves are taken to factories to work, and inRead MorePrivateering and its Impact on the American Revolution1709 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Privateering and Its Impact on the American Revolution Emma Utesch History 201-122 September 18, 2012 In the 1700s, a privateer was someone who was mandated by the government to attack ships from abroad during war time. 1During the Revolutionary War, privateer ships would receiveRead MoreA Child of the Jago by Arthur Morrison1665 Words   |  7 Pageswhich the working class experienced a relentless struggle against the harsh realities of social and working conditions. Moreover, in his paper The Working Class in Britain 1850-1939, John Benson highlights the disparities between the poor and the economy during the era as a result of the Industrial revolution and urbanisation(Benson, 2003,p.30). Although, Bensons argument is valid when focusing on a social novel such as A Child of the Jago; because through his childhood the protagonist Dickie PerrotRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Hoot 1968 Words   |  8 Pageskids learn about the owls and make it their responsibility to make sure that the pancake house is never built and the owls be protected. The company feels as though they have t he right to build on the property because they will be boosting the local economy, providing new jobs to the area, and pursuing their own financial interest. This poses the questions of where the line should be drawn between preserving the environment and promoting business. There are conflicts everyday between business and environmentRead MoreWhy Young Minds Are Better Served1798 Words   |  8 Pagesbeen progressing in the UK for many decades (Cowling, 1998). There are facades of the [usually amicable] argument that occasionally present themselves in the public eye, such as in notorious â€Å"University vs Polytechnic† sporting battles (History: ‘Battle of Bristol’, 2013), but beyond what is seen as entertaining, there remains a crucial and pertinent discussion to be had – is there one clearly ‘superior’ way to be educated? Are academic qualifications superior to their vocational ‘counterparts’? Is

The Three Stages of Alzheimers Essay examples - 1402 Words

Alzheimer’s is most likely formed by other symptoms called dementia. Dementia is not an actual disease, but has a vast range of symptoms which are precursors to many types of diseases. When dementia is detected in an individual their memory tends to decline and it becomes a hassle to complete everyday duties. When diagnosing individuals there are a series of steps taken in order to see if the individual progressed to dementia and also which disease caused those symptoms to take effect. These stages are preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Within the preclinical stage there are three sub-stages that deal with protein, plaque buildup in the brain called beta-amyloid. The symptoms for this stage are undetectable. Stage†¦show more content†¦When studying individuals, researchers first categorize them within these three stages. Tests are performed in order to diagnose their symptoms and later to see which stage they are categorized under. If they happ en to be under the MCI stage then researchers diagnose those individuals and see if they are more likely to stay at the MCI stage or move on to Dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. The initial stage in the process of Alzheimer’s is known as the asymptomatic â€Å"preclinical stage†. One of the undetectable symptoms in this stage is memory loss. (Harvard Health Newsletters). For example it gets harder for some individuals to remember what they wanted from the grocery store. At this stage it is very hard to diagnose anything. Since the ¬Ã‚ ¬e symptoms have not been fully developed, it makes it harder for the researcher to diagnose these individuals. The researchers may have to wait awhile until the symptom’s become worse or they can use what are called biomarkers to detect any signs of disease in the body. However with the use of biomarkers, which are â€Å"a measurable substance or condition in the body that can indicate the presence or absence of a disea se,† (Harvard Women’s Health Watch) the researcher has the ability to figure out if the person has gone through the preclinical stage andShow MoreRelatedAlzheimer s Disease Is The Most Significant Risk Factor1074 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer s Disease Abstract Alzheimer’s disease currently represents the second leading cause of death in people older than 65 years residing in the modern world. (1) Census records attest to this assertion, which has prompted medical researchers to further investigate the etiology and course of development of the disease in order to better treat the debilitating condition. 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This disease has a wide array of symptoms and effects that vary greatly from person to person throughout the three stages of disease progression. The three stages are classified as mild, moderate, and severe. It is tough to give an accurate prognosis with Alzheimer’s patients seeing as everyone reacts differently to the disease and the medicationsRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease And Its Effects903 Words   |  4 Pages Alzheimer’s Disease accounts for sixty to seventy percent of dementia cases. The disease starts slowly and gets worse over time. The most common symptoms are short term memory loss, trouble wit h language , moods swings , and loss of movement. Communication networks are controlled by neurons . Neurons are the chief cells that get destroyed by Alzheimer’s disease. In the brain, neurons connect and communicate at synapses where tiny bursts of chemicals called neurotransmittersRead MoreAlzheimer s Research Paper : Alzheimer And Its Symptoms1703 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish IV- 5 Mrs. Crow 18 November 2015 Alzheimer’s Research Paper There are three separate stages of Alzheimer’s, they are all so different and yet so similar. Many people have a false recollection of Alzheimer’s disease and its symptoms. Many believe that people only get Alzheimer’s as a result of aging. Alzheimer’s disease is not a disease that happens because the human body gets worn down, but because of a change occurring in the human brain. Alzheimer’s is a serious disease that needs to toRead MoreAlzheimer s A Progressive And Irreversible Brain Disease Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesAlzheimer’s is a progressive and currently irreversible brain disease that slowly affects and/or impairs a person’s memory, ability to learn, ability to communicate, personality and movement. 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Social Responsibility with Company Q free essay sample

Social Responsibility within Company Q ? Social Responsibility within Company Q Daniel R. Beckerman Western Governors University WGU Student #000322976 For any given business, the greatest potential for revenue growth can be found through a mix of focusing on providing for the shareholders, as well as thinking of the stakeholders as a whole. This means focusing past short term profits and creating a plan that demonstrates a measure of social responsibility. Business reputation goes a long way towards creating how large a company’s customer base is going to be, and giving the appearance of not caring about the community can lead to a loss of customers and a loss of additional revenue in the long run. Focusing purely on the current bottom line may provide a short term boost to profits, but as a poor reputation spreads, the loss can only continue to compound. According to Ferrell (2013), four levels of social responsibility exist, these being economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic (p. 39). Any business must focus on the bottom line in part to succeed, but ethical practices and philanthropic attitudes can help make one business stand out among a litany of businesses all offering similar, or even identical, products. ? ? Company Q is an example of a company focusing largely on the current bottom line, while ignoring the long term potential of practicing social responsibility and philanthropic work. Two stores were closed due to losing money from operating in high crime areas, while other stores began to sell high margin items. These are products that fit a certain niche in certain markets, no doubt helping to boost local revenue in the more high class areas, but without appeal in lower income neighborhoods. A worry over lost revenue and fraud lead to the decision to not donate day-old products to the local food bank. Employees could potentially steal food, claiming to be taking those products with them to donate. All of these practices are sound ideas when focusing on a pure economic market free from social influence or swings from changes in reputation. In the real world, however, even giving up a small portion of revenue can boost a company’s reputation and lead to greater spending on the part of the consumer, bringing in the long term profits that benefit not just the shareholders, but all stakeholders involved in the company. ? ? One of the first issues the company should analyze is the decision to close down stores in high crime areas. While theft and low income consumers bring the possibility of providing only moderate revenue gains, if not a loss, operating in impoverished areas can also be a source of growing potential for the business. Many companies advertise philanthropic missions, such as donating to charities every year or helping to provide for the families of their employees. While these are messages that consumers hear, a more powerful message can be the one that the consumers themselves see. Rather than closing down those stores, Company Q should focus on the reasons for the high crime, and offer ways to reduce that crime rate. Offering work programs that help prepare young people for management or skilled positions is a good way to take crime off of the streets while showing to the community that the business cares about the welfare of the population. This can help bring in a group of potential profit earners for the company while at the same time reducing crime in the stores and the surrounding neighborhood. The improved reputation could only serve to bring in shoppers who are more prone to visit the larger and cheaper chains such as Walmart. While this will incur immediate liability costs as the plan is enacted, the end result benefiting the shareholders is a cheaply trained future leadership staff, an improved reputation for the company as a whole, and a long term boost in the number of shoppers who visit their stores. The choice to focus on high margin items in all of their stores is another area that should be addressed. Consumer demand influences the products that businesses choose to sell, but demand is variable based on location and the income levels of the surrounding area. Poorer neighborhoods will not show an appreciation for shelves stocked with high priced items, while wealthier areas can be more interested in upper-value products. Meeting the demands of a specific area, rather than adding those high-margin items to every store, is a way to show the community that the business is there to cater to their needs. Part of demonstrating social responsibility within a business is to show that the business is really listening to the consumer and the needs of the neighborhood. Finding low priced alternatives for brand name items and selling those in the lower neighborhood markets can give the appearance of being an affordable, caring chain. Similarly, stocking shelves with brand names and items that fit the expensive tastes of more upper class neighborhoods shows that the business is ready to meet the demands and cater to the upper income spenders as well. What remains important is to differentiate the company’s product lineup based on location and needs of the local consumers. ? ? One of the easiest ways to show that a business cares about social responsibility and the community is to be willing to provide for that community, even at a loss to revenue. While it may appear that revenue is being sacrificed for the greater good, the reality is that the increased reputation can lead to greater consumer spending, turning a revenue expenditure into a profit. An educated shareholder will understand that a short term expense is oftentimes necessary for long term gains. Company Q’s decision to throw away day old product shows a lack of understanding regarding short term cost versus long term gain. Day old product is written off as a loss for the company. Should an employee take it for themselves under the guise of donating to charity, there’s the possibility of that employee then not spending money on goods the business sells that he or she might have otherwise purchased. The loss for this would be extremely minimal, barely a fraction of the company’s needed revenue to justify that store’s location. Recognizing the potential for minimal loss through fraud but choosing to donate to charity anyway shows an act of social responsibility that can greatly boost a company’s reputation. The community is most likely to see a company that is willing to throw away profit if it means helping those in need, not everyone recognizing that the food is already chalked up as a loss. The perception of a company that is looking out for the community can not only boost consumer spending, but also has the potential to reduce crime within the company as those who steal may see those locations as places that should be protected within the community for the charitable work being done. Any loss from a minimal percentage of employee fraud should be allowed for the sake of actively engaging in the welfare of the community. The poor will know where the donated food comes from, and those who can afford to shop at the store are more likely to over choosing another company. ? ? Company Q stands to benefit from a strong reputation and a varied product line. To see these benefits, the focus needs to remain on benefiting the community at large and meeting the needs of each individual location. Crime can be reduced within the store by helping provide for the community and offering opportunities to help people work their way off the streets. Consumer spending can be increased by meeting the demands of the area while helping those who cannot afford to spend money on the goods the company sells. Any company would be wise to remember that quite often it is the poor who succeed later in life and become a company’s biggest investors. A focus on those in need is something that helps a company’s reputation for years to come, boosting profits in both the poorest neighborhoods and the wealthiest. Company Q benefits from having multiple active locations in place in varying income locations. Should the focus be on meeting the economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic requirements of social responsibility, the company stands to be a responsible, reputable, and very profitable company. References Ferrell, O. C. Business Ethics 2009 Update: Ethical Decision Making and Cases. 7th Edition. South-Western, 2013. VitalBook file. Bookshelf. 17 March 2014

Outsourcing In Logistics Sector Essays - Outsourcing, Offshoring

Outsourcing In Logistics Sector Introduction : Nowadays, many organisation are outsourcing their non- core activities to an external agents. Distribution is one of these activities as distribution consider as a non-core activity for many firms. Although, there are many advantage for outsourcing, there are also risks and disadvantage in this process. In this essay I would explain the term outsourcing and explain why organisations are preferring to outsource some of its functions in today's environment. Also, in this essay it has been tried to analysis the advantage and disadvantage of the outsourcing process and its risks towards the organisation. The word outsourcing could be described as the contractual relationship with a specialised outside service provider for work traditionally done in-house. Outsourcing could also be defined as the use of external agents to perform one or more organisational activities. In the last decade or so there has been a trend, particular among large scale companies, to hand over the whole or part of the distribution function to the external agents. One should emphasis that outsourcing is an issue that is not specific to distribution. Many other organisational functions, such as information system, building maintenance, etc?, have been outsource for many years in organisations. There are different reasons for organisations outsourcing their distribution function. More and more organisations today face a dynamic and changing environment. This, in turn, is requiring these organisations to adapt. Competition is also changing. The global economy means that competitors are likely to come from across the ocean as from across town. Successful organisations will be the ones that can change in response to the competition and changing environment. In other words, they will be flexible. Therefore, today's organisation stand in sharp contrast to the typical bureaucratic organisations that have many vertical levels of management and where control is sought through ownership. In such organisations, Research and Development are done in-house, production occurs in company-owned plants, and sales and distribution are performed by the company's own employees. To support all this, management has to employ extra personal including accountants, human resources specialist and supply chain management specialists. However, nowadays successful organisations outsource many of these functions and concentrate on what it do best. Outsourcing can help organisations to reduce the impact of change in the environment by outsourcing some functions to specialist companies on that function who have more expertise and focus to concentrate on managing change. So, outsourcing could consider as a strategy to manage change in the external environment. Globalisation is another aspect which has impact upon increasing outsourcing. Nowadays, many companies are turning their attention to foreign markets, the number of global companies are accelerating. But these companies do not have in-house expertise to negotiate or operate the supply chain process in international markets. So, they need to outsource their supply chain to logistic companies which have international expertise in the distribution function. The another reason for increasing outsourcing is the increasing complexity of distribution networks. Storing and moving goods have become more complex as the technology is advancing too fast. A manufacturing organisation normally do not want to waste its management resources to this functions. Therefore, they prefer to outsource this function to logistics companies which possess all the necessary skills and technology in this service. For example, Marks and Spencer, one of the world's leading retailers has outsource its distribution function to Exel , one of the leading companies in supplying logistic service. M&S has approached Exel to take control of its complex distribution service. Now, Exel provides a distribution service for 23 M&S stores in South England, and also deals with M&S in France, Spain and Hong Kong. Exel has bought a revolutionary technology to M&S export operation by enabling 10 suits to be shipped in the space normally occupied by four garments. In addition, M&S customers start to get a high level of service because stores could be replenished quickly. All these and other benefits M&S has gained through outsourcing its complex distribution service. There are many advantages which a company could get from outsourcing its distribution functions. It could reduce the operating cost of the firms. A study which has been conducted in 1993 reported that a company could reduce 9% of its operating